EV Charging 101
Them Khoom Loj | Tus nqi them | Charging Connectors | Cov Tswv Yim Them Nuj Nqis | Kev them nyiaj yug
Xav txog tej yam tsis tas yuav tsum nres ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb roj ntxiv. Rau ntau lub tsheb fais fab (EV) tsav tsheb, qhov no yog qhov tseeb! Lub tsheb fais fab - ob lub roj teeb (BEV) thiab roj cell (FCEV) hluav taws xob tsheb - yeej tsis xav tau roj. Rau txoj kev luv luv, plug-in hybrid electric tsheb (PHEV) tej zaum yuav tsis siv roj kiag li.
Kev them nyiaj hluav taws xob tsheb yog qhov yooj yim, raug nqi thiab yooj yim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim koj tuaj yeem ua tau them ncaj qha tom tsev. Txoj cai ntawm kev them koj lub EV yog qhov yooj yim raws li txoj cai ntawm kev them koj lub xov tooj. Kawm cov hauv paus ntawm EV charging thiab nrhiav cov lus qhia los txhim kho koj cov kev paub them nqi hauv qab no
Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los them kuv EV?
Kev them nyiaj ceev raug txiav txim los ntawm peb yam: Lub peev xwm ntawm koj lub EV lub tsheb thauj khoom, cov khoom siv them nqi hluav taws xob thiab qhov kub thiab txias. Lub sijhawm kom them tag nrho ntawm txhua theem zog kuj nyob ntawm koj lub roj teeb EV.
Cov roj teeb ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thaum nws tsis kub dhau lossis txias dhau. Thaum twg lub roj teeb them, nws ua kom sov - tsuas yog hnov koj lub xov tooj thaum nws ntsaws! Koj lub EV tau teeb tsa los tiv thaiv lub tsheb lub roj teeb los ntawm kev kub dhau, yog li yog tias lub roj teeb kub dhau thaum lub sijhawm them nyiaj, EV lub roj teeb hauv lub cev tswj hwm yuav ua rau lub sijhawm them ceev kom kho. Txheeb xyuas qhov sib cais ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog sib txawv thiab kev them nqi ceev hauv qab no.
theem 1
Niaj hnub no, cov tsheb hluav taws xob tshiab tau npaj nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qib 1 uas tso cai rau koj kom yooj yim ntsaws rau ntawm kev mus rau cov qauv 120-volt qhov hluav taws xob. Tsis zoo li kev them nyiaj ntau dua, uas xav tau cov hluav taws xob ntau dua los ntsaws rau hauv, cov khoom siv qib 1 no tso cai rau koj them koj cov EV los ntawm kev nplij siab ntawm koj lub tsev yam tsis muaj hluav taws xob ntxiv.
Qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub kev mus los ntawm 40 mais yuav tsum tau them rov qab thaum hmo ntuj, ua kom qib 1 them zoo meej rau cov neeg uas feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsav tsheb ntau txhua hnub.
theem 2
Theem 2 cov khoom siv them nyiaj muaj nyob hauv ntau thaj chaw pej xeem uas cov tsheb nres rau lub sijhawm tseem ceeb - xws li chaw ua haujlwm, khw thiab khw muag khoom. Koj tuaj yeem ua tau nqis peev rau qib 2 hauv tsev charger uas siv 208 - 240-volt qhov hluav taws xob los txhawb cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua. Qhov no tej zaum yuav xav tau hluav taws xob ua haujlwm los txhim kho qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua hauv qhov chaw yooj yim rau kev them nyiaj hauv koj lub tsev.
Tib qhov 40-mais qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub kev mus los yuav tsum tau rov ua dua hauv qis dua ob teev nrog qib 2 them.
DC Fast Charging
Direct connect (DC) ceev chargers cia siab rau qhov loj dua hluav taws xob sib txuas, uas xa lub zog ncaj qha mus rau lub tsheb, tsis zoo li Theem 1 thiab 2 chargers uas yuav tsum hloov tam sim no mus rau theem qis zog ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv lub tsheb. Qhov kev sib txuas ncaj qha no ua rau tus nqi nrawm dua thiab muaj zog dua uas muab kev sib tw 10 - 20 mais ntawm thaj tsam ib feeb. Peb cia siab tias cov neeg tsav tsheb EV yuav tuaj yeem them tus nqi nrawm dua li DC Fast charging thev naus laus zis sai sai.
DC them ceev ceev tshwm sim ntawm pej xeem thiab chaw ua hauj lwm chaw them nqi xwb thiab tsis muaj nyob rau hauv tsev. Niaj hnub no, feem ntau BEVs twb tau nruab los tswj DC ceev them nyiaj thev naus laus zis, tab sis nco ntsoov xyuas koj lub tsheb lub charger txuas ua ntej koj ntsaws.
Nws yuav raug nqi npaum li cas los them kuv EV?
Tus nqi them rau lub tsheb fais fab yog nyob ntawm ntau yam sib txawv, feem ntau ntawm qhov chaw koj them thiab lub sijhawm ntawm hnub koj xaiv them, txij li tus nqi hluav taws xob sib txawv txhua hnub. Zuag qhia tag nrho, them koj EV yog nyiaj tsawg dua li sau lub tsheb roj av.
Txhawm rau kom nkag siab zoo dua qhov kev txuag roj mus sij hawm ntev ntawm EV piv nrog lub tsheb siv roj, mus saib cov US Department of Energy calculator tool rau kev them nqi hauv California thiab tshaj.
Kev them nyiaj hauv tsev
Kev them nyiaj rau pej xeem
Thaum cov nqi hluav taws xob tuaj yeem sib txawv, tus nqi hauv California qhov nruab nrab kwv yees li 18 xees ib kilowatt teev (kWh).
Ntawm tus nqi no, them lub tsheb hluav taws xob nrog lub roj teeb 40-kWh thiab qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev tsav tsheb ntawm 150 mais - zoo li Nissan Leaf - tsuas yog raug nqi txog $ 7 kom them tag nrho hauv tsev.
Cov neeg tsav tsheb hauv Kalifonias yuav xav tias yuav them 30 xees ib kWh thaum siv qib 2 pej xeem charger thiab 40 xees ib kWh siv pej xeem DC them ceev.
Ntawm cov nqi no, tib yam Nissan LEAF nrog 150-mais ntau thiab 40-kWh roj teeb, yuav raug nqi txog $ 12 kom them tag nrho siv qib 2 them thiab $ 16 siv DC them ceev.
Txaus siab rau kev them nyiaj hauv tsev? Sib piv cov chargers hauv tsev thiab nrhiav kev txhawb nqa them nyiaj hauv tsev muaj rau koj.
Dab tsi yog hom EV charging connectors?
Koj yuav tsum paub seb lub charger txuas twg koj EV siv los nrhiav qhov chaw them nqi thiab adapter siv los them koj lub tsheb kom zoo. Niaj hnub no, feem ntau cov roj teeb hluav taws xob tsheb twb tau nruab los tuav DC them ceev ceev thev naus laus zis, tab sis nco ntsoov xyuas koj lub tsheb lub charger txuas ua ntej koj ntsaws. Muaj peb lub ntsiab DC qhov tseeb them cov khoom txuas: CHAdeMO, CCS thiab NACS. Raws li kev lag luam hloov zuj zus mus, muaj kev sib zog ua kom sib koom ua ke DC Fast charging connectors los muab kev sib txuas ntau dua rau cov neeg tsav tsheb EV.
Kev nkag siab txog qib siab tshaj plaws uas koj lub EV tuaj yeem them nyiaj nyab xeeb ntawm thiab lub zog ntawm lub charger koj ntsaws rau hauv yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias kev them nyiaj zoo tshaj plaws. Tshawb nrhiav cov lus qhia ceev ntxiv los txhim kho koj cov kev paub them nqi ntawm no.
Theem 2 Chargers
DC Fast Chargers
J1772
CHADEMO
CCS
NAS
cov theem 2 J1772 hom charger yog 240-volt charger. Txawm hais tias qib 2 chargers khav theeb ceev them ceev tshaj li qib 1 chargers, lawv tseem qeeb qeeb kom them tag nrho tshaj li DC ceev chargers.
Vim tias qib 2 chargers xav tau sijhawm ntxiv los them koj cov EV, lawv feem ntau yog npaj rau siv thaum koj them nyiaj hauv tsev lossis tom haujlwm.
Sawv ntsug rau "Charge de Move," CHAdeMO tau tsim los ntawm kev sau los ntawm pawg neeg tsim khoom lag luam, feem ntau hauv Nyij Pooj.
Keeb kwm, cov tuam txhab xws li Nissan, Toyota, thiab Mitsubishi nyiam siv tus qauv CHAdeMO.
Tsim los ua "qhib kev lag luam tus qauv," cov tuam txhab tsheb thoob ntiaj teb siv Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob lossis CCS txuas.
Keeb kwm, tus qauv no tau cuam tshuam nrog North American thiab European automakers ho. Hauv North America, tsis ntev tag nrho cov neeg caij tsheb tsim tshiab EVs (tsis suav Tesla) yuav siv qhov txuas no.
Tesla's North American Charging Standard (NACS) connectors, uas yav tas los muaj tswv, tam sim no yuav siv nyob rau hauv lub US tshiab tsheb los ntawm ntau North American thiab European automakers nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no.
Rau Tesla cov tswv, lub hom lag luam muag adapters uas txhawb kev them nyiaj ntawm cov tsis-Tesla tshwj xeeb qib 1, qib 2 thiab DC ceev chargers.
Dab tsi yog hom EV charging adapters?
Adapters yog cov khoom siv uas pab them nyiaj los ntawm ib hom txuas mus rau lwm hom txuas. Muaj ob hom adapter uas tau kuaj thiab pom zoo. Thawj yog qib 2 "J1772-rau-NACS" adapter thiab qhov thib ob yog "CHAdeMO-to-NACS" adapter.
Txawm hais tias muaj ob peb hom connectors, muaj ob peb adapters nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, feem ntau vim hais tias adapters feem ntau tsis pom zoo rau siv. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov adapters ntxiv ib txheej ntxiv hauv kev sib txuas hluav taws xob ntawm EV thiab lub charger, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm hluav taws xob thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub sijhawm.
Txhim kho koj - thiab lwm tus - kev them nyiaj
Txhawm rau ncua lub roj teeb lub neej ntawm koj EV, koj xav kom saib xyuas nws zoo. Lub tsheb hluav taws xob tshiab nrog thaj tsam ntawm 250-mais yuav tsum muaj 150-to-200-mais tom qab 12 xyoo ua haujlwm. Zoo li lwm hom roj teeb, EV roj teeb ua rau lub sijhawm tsis zoo, txawm hais tias qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias lawv yuav ua rau lub neej zoo ntawm koj lub tsheb!
Los ntawm kev ua ob peb kauj ruam ntxiv los txo qhov hnav thiab tsim kua muag uas tsis tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem txuas koj lub roj teeb lub neej ntxiv thiab ua rau koj qhov kev them nyiaj ntau dua. Hauv qab no yog ob peb txoj hauv kev yooj yim kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm koj lub tsheb fais fab lub roj teeb.
Txwv kev siv ceev ceev.
Kev siv ceev ceev ntawm koj lub EV yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom tau txais kev them nqi sai thaum koj xav tau, txawm li cas los xij rau txhua lub sijhawm koj siv ceev ceev, me ntsis ntawm lub neej ntws tawm ntawm lub roj teeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv huab cua txias. Txiav rov qab ntau npaum li cas koj siv ceev ceev yuav ua rau koj lub roj teeb EV lub neej ntev.
Pib recharge koj EV thaum nws hits 30% es tsis txhob 0%.
Cia koj lub roj teeb EV poob tag nrho rau 0% ua ntej rov pib dua yuav txo koj lub roj teeb tag nrho. Hloov chaw, sim pib recharge koj lub roj teeb ib zaug nws ntaus tus cim 30% them.
Teem kom them txog 80% tsis yog 100% tag nrho.
Nrog cov roj teeb lithium-ion hauv EVs, them txog li 80% tag nrho pab tswj koj lub roj teeb lub peev xwm ntau tshaj li them txog 100%. Them me ntsis hauv qab 100% tso cai rau ntau qhov chaw roj teeb rau lub zog uas tsim los ntawm koj lub EV's regenerative braking, uas hloov lub zog kinetic los ntawm braking rau hauv lub zog siv tau uas pab koj lub tsheb.
Pab share thiab nawb!
Charging infrastructure txuas ntxiv mus. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov neeg tsav tsheb hluav taws xob tuaj yeem pab ua kom cov kev them nqi uas twb muaj lawm tuaj yeem nkag tau yooj yim dua los ntawm kev sib koom nrog EV chargers thiab qhia lwm tus neeg tsav tsheb txog kev them nqi.
Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov txheej txheem them nqi ntawm no.
Xav tau ntau txoj kev them nqi?
Mus saib Lub Tsev Them Nqi
Txhua lub tsev twb muaj 120-volt plugs kom pab tau qib 1 them; Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov neeg tsav tsheb EV txaus siab rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev them nyiaj sai dua thiab xaiv los nruab ib lub qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua los txhawb lub charger qib 2 hauv tsev. Tesla tsheb tuaj nruab nrog qib 1 / theem 2 charger twb tau, uas yuav tsum tau muaj 240-volt qhov hluav taws xob uas tej zaum yuav tsum tau muab kev cob qhia. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav los ntawm qib 2 cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab kawm ntxiv txog kev txhawb nqa kev them nyiaj hauv tsev siv ElectricForAll.org's Home Charge Advisor.
Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog kev them nyiaj rau pej xeem
Tsis txhob ntshai! Muaj ntau qhov chaw them nyiaj zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov apps mobile uas pab nrhiav cov chaw them nyiaj rau pej xeem thaum twg thiab qhov twg koj xav tau. Koj tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav muaj kev nkag mus rau pej xeem them nyiaj hauv chaw nres tsheb thiab chaw nres tsheb ntawm cov khw, khw muag khoom noj, chaw ua yeeb yaj kiab, cov chaw hauv zej zog, chaw ua si, tsev so thiab tshav dav hlau.
Tshawb xyuas nrog koj EV cov chaw tsim khoom thiab phau ntawv tsav tsheb kom pom cov kev xaiv them nqi raug rau koj lub tsheb. Qee lub xov tooj them nyiaj xav tau kev tso npe los them nqi, yog li saib ua ntej kom pom dab tsi muaj los ua kom tau raws li koj cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ua ntej tawm mus rau txoj kev ntev.
Nrhiav lub chaw them nyiaj EV pej xeem nyob ze koj!
Chaw ua hauj lwm them nqi
Yog tias kev them nyiaj hauv tsev tsis yog qhov kev xaiv uas koj nyob, lossis yog tias koj tsuas yog xav "sab saum toj" thaum nruab hnub, kev them nyiaj hauv chaw ua haujlwm yog lwm txoj kev yooj yim los them koj EV. Ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm twb tau xaiv los nruab qhov chaw them nqi, yog li nrog koj lub tuam txhab saib seb qhov no puas muaj rau koj. Yog tias koj qhov chaw ua haujlwm tseem tsis tau them nqi, hauv qab no yog ob peb qhov kev pabcuam uas qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig uas koj tuaj yeem siv los tawm tswv yim los ntawm kev ntxiv cov nqi them nyiaj hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
Yog tias koj yog ib lub nroog lossis lub nroog txaus siab ntxiv cov chargers rau pej xeem rau koj cheeb tsam, mus saib ntawm EV charging chaw nres tsheb streamlined tso cai cov txheej txheem video thiab cov peev txheej kom paub ntau ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas koj tuaj yeem ua kom tau txais kev nkag mus tau yooj yim hauv koj lub zej zog.
Saib seb nws yooj yim npaum li cas rau them? Sib piv EVs kom paub ntau ntxiv txog ntau yam.